How can you tell the difference between first and second heart sounds?

Description

1. The first heart sound is produced by the closing of the mitral and tricuspid valve leaflets.
2. The second heart sound is produced by the closing of the aortic and pulmonic valve leaflets.
3. The second heart sound is unsplit when the subject is holding his or her breath at peak expiration.

What does third heart sound sound like?

S3 is a dull, low-pitched sound best heard with the bell placed over the cardiac apex with the patient lying in the left lateral decubitus position. This heart sound when present in a child or young adult implies the presence of a supple ventricle that can undergo rapid filling.

When would you expect to hear a split S2?

S2 is produced in part by hemodynamic events immediately following closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves. The vibrations of the second heart sound occur at the end of ventricular contraction and identify the onset of ventricular diastole and the end of mechanical systole.

When is S3 and S4 heard?

Third & Fourth Heart Sounds A triple rhythm in diastole is called a gallop and results from the presence of a S3, S4 or both. Description: Both sounds are low frequency and thus best heard with the bell of the stethoscope.

What is splitting in heart sounds?

A split S2 is a finding upon auscultation of the S2 heart sound. It is caused when the closure of the aortic valve (A2) and the closure of the pulmonary valve (P2) are not synchronized during inspiration.

How do I know if I have S1 or S2?

The 2nd hear sound, S2 (dub), marks the end of systole (beginning of diastole)….1. Auscultate the heart at various sites.

S1	S2
Just precedes carotid pulse	Follows carotid pulse
Louder at apex	Louder at base
Lower pitch and longer than S2	Higher pitch and shorter than S2
Because systole is shorter than diastole:

What is S3 heart sound indicative?

The third heart sound is a normal finding in children and young adults, in which groups, the sound is indicative of a supple ventricle that can undergo normal rapid expansion in early diastole. Conversely, when heard in a middle-aged or older adult, the S3 sound is often a sign of disease.

Is S3 heart sound a murmur?

A murmur is due to turbulence of blood flow and can, at times, encompass all of systole or diastole. The main normal heart sounds are the S1 and the S2 heart sound. The S3 can be normal, at times, but may be pathologic. A S4 heart sound is almost always pathologic.

What does split S2 indicate?

The second heart sound (S2) represents closure of the semilunar (aortic and pulmonary) valves (point d). S2 is normally split because the aortic valve (A2) closes before the pulmonary valve (P2).

How do I listen to my S2 split?

Splitting best heard in the 2nd left intercostal space, close to the sternal border. Second heart sounds are best heard when patients are semi-recumbent (30-40 degrees upright) and in quiet inspiration.

What are 3rd and 4th heart sounds?

The third and fourth heart sound (S3 and S4) are two abnormal heart sound components which are proved to be indicators of heart failure during diastolic period.

When do you hear S3?

The third heart sound (S3), also known as the “ventricular gallop,” occurs just after S2 when the mitral valve opens, allowing passive filling of the left ventricle.

What is a split of second heart sound?

Second heart sound has two components – aortic (A2) and pulmonary (P2). Normal A2 is heard in all auscultatory areas while normal P2 is heard only in the pulmonary area. If it is heard at the apex, it can be considered as loud P2. Normal split of second heart sound closes in expiration and is audible only in inspiration.

What is the S2 heart sound called?

TOPIC REVIEWS. Fixed split S2 heart sound. The second heart sound is produced by the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves. The sound produced by the closure of the aortic valve is termed A2 and the sound produced by the closure of the pulmonic valve is termed P2.

What is the difference between S2 and S3 sound?

The third heart sound, which forms the S2–S3 complex, is lower in frequency than S2, is best heard at the apex, is usually not heard at the basal auscultatory area, and occurs 0.12 to 0.16 second after A2. The pericardial knock is a third heart sound that is slightly higher pitched and earlier than the usual S3 and is also best heard at the apex.

What is the difference between P2 and A2 heart sounds?

Normally, P2 is soft and only heard at the pulmonic region (left parasternal, intercostal space 2), however even in this region A2 is louder. The S2 (second heart sound) is usually single. With expiration, aortic valve closure (A2) and pulmonic valve closure (P2) may be superimposed and are rarely split as much as 0.04 second 4).