What is subsea manifolds?

Subsea manifolds are installed on the seabed within an array of wells to gather product or to inject water or gas into wells. There are numerous types of manifolds, ranging from a simple pipeline end manifold (PLEM/PLET) to large structures such as an entire subsea process system.

What is a pipeline manifold?

A manifold is a wide and/or bigger pipe, or channel, into which smaller pipes or channels lead. A pipe fitting or similar device that connects multiple inputs or outputs.

How does a subsea system work?

The typical operation of subsea production system can be summarized as follows: Oil, gas and water flow from wellbore to subsea tree, thence to jumper, manifold and flowline, before finally reaching a riser that pipes it to surface for processing.

What is a subsea PLET?

A typical subsea oil and gas field consists mainly of Xmas trees, manifolds, termination. units and pipelines. A termination unit can be called a “PLEM” or a “PLET.” These units are connection points between two or several pipelines.

What is a subsea flowline?

Subsea flowlines are the subsea pipelines used to connect a subsea wellhead with a manifold or the surface facility. The flowlines may be made of flexible pipe or rigid pipe and they may transport petrochemicals, lift gas, injection water, and chemicals.

What is an irrigation manifold?

Manifold: noun: a pipe or chamber branching into several openings. As the definition suggests, an irrigation manifold is a pipe that branches into several openings, in this case to deliver water to multiple irrigation valves.

What is subsea engineering?

Subsea engineers develop, design and test and install long lasting, cost effective equipment and structures that are used below the surface of the sea, such as pipelines and wellheads. You may be called a subsea pipeline engineer.

Why is subsea well?

Subsea well systems are among most profitable offshore projects, worldwide. They allow maximum use of infrastructure and developing reserves that are too small to be economic by other production systems. Start-up times short are now short – normally less than 2 weeks. System availability over 99\% is common.

What is a PLEM subsea?

The Pipe Line End Manifold (PLEM) is a subsea structure acts as a connection point between the main or branch pipeline. The PLEM consist of WOM Dual Block Valves (ROV Operated), Gate Valves, Tees and hubs. PLEM has facilities for Multiphase Flowmeter, pig launching and/or receiving.

What does a PLET do?

The PLET is the required substructure for a pipe-to-pipe connection. It provides the support for the connection point. For the subsea-to-shore solution, the PLET is positioned at the connection point between the export flowline and a spool as the flowline cannot be connected directly into the manifold.

Are pipelines buried?

The pipeline network in the U.S. is a transportation system used to move goods and materials. While some pipelines are built above ground, the majority of pipelines in the U.S. are buried underground.

What is the difference between flowline and pipeline?

What is the difference between flowline and pipeline? – Quora. Flowlines are pipes that carry oil or gas products from the producing wells to the oil or gas gathering stations or pumping stations. Pipelines are the pipes that carry oil or gas from the Gathering stations to the processing stations or to the market.

What are subsubsea manifolds?

Subsea manifolds are an integral part of many subsea developments that provides effective gathering and distribution points for subsea systems. The manifolds are designed in various configurations, such as template or cluster manifolds with internal or external pigging loops and horizontal or vertical connectors.

What is subsubsea cost?

Subsea cost refers to the cost of the whole project, which generally includes the capital expenditures (CAPEX) and operation expenditures (OPEX) of the subsea field development. During this course individuals will develop a detailed understanding of cost incurred during the life cycle of the field.

What is subsea cost estimation?

Subsea Cost Estimation. Subsea cost refers to the cost of the whole project, which generally includes the capital expenditures (CAPEX) and operation expenditures (OPEX) of the subsea field development. During this course individuals will develop a detailed understanding of cost incurred during the life cycle of the field.

What are the QC requirements for subsea manifolds?

The QC requirements for subsea manifolds are in accordance with API Specifications 6A and 17D. Our facilities are certified per API Q1, and our strategic subcontractors are certified to ISO 9001. Surveillance by independent competent bodies