What is vacuum breaker in turbine?

Vacuum breakers are used in steam turbine system to assist in reducing the speed of the steam turbine as quickly as possible. Vacuum breakers quickly introduce atmospheric air into the steam turbine through the exhaust which makes it slow down.

Why vacuum is used in steam turbine?

In other words, it is impossible to prevent the entrance of air and other non-condensable gases into the condenser. A vacuum is maintained in the condenser so that steam can easily flow and more work can be extracted from the steam in the turbine; this is the reason why vacuum is maintained in condensers.

What are the main parts of a steam turbine?

The main parts of a steam turbine are (1) the rotor that carries the blading to convert the thermal energy of the steam into the rotary motion of the shaft, (2) the casing, inside of which the rotor turns, that serves as a pressure vessel for containing the steam (it also accommodates fixed nozzle passages or stator …

What is vacuum explain with example?

Vacuum Examples Space is considered a vacuum. Space does contains matter, but the pressure is much lower than what you would find on a planet, for example. A vacuum cleaner sucks up debris because it creates a pressure difference between the area to be cleaned and the suction tube.

How does steam create vacuum?

When matter turns from its gas phase back into its liquid phase, the molecules take up much less space and exert far less pressure. In fact, the condensing steam creates a partial vacuum—a region of much lower pressure than that of the surrounding atmosphere—inside the bottle.

Where is steam turbine used?

Steam turbines are found everywhere on the planet and are used to turn generators and make electricity or create propulsion for ships, airplanes, missiles. They convert heat energy in the form of vaporized water into motion using pressure on spinning blades.

What is a variablevaccum breaker in steam turbine?

Vaccum breaker is a safety instrument provided on the Steam turbine. In case there is major issue with steam turbine and it has to stop immediately. Turbine will be tripped but since in operation we are maintaining Negative pressure inside the condenser, it will take long time come down to rest or to Turning gear speed.

What is the effect of low vacuum on a steam turbine?

Lower vacuum creates back pressure on turbine blades and rotors. So in emergency, vacuum breaker valve is opened to bring down the turbine speed to zero in minimum time to avoid any further damages. What is the effect of low vacuum & high exhaust pressure on steam turbine performance?

Why high temperature and pressure steam is not desirable for turbine operation?

High temperature and pressure steam is not desirable for turbine operation.High steam temperature may damage turbine as the metallurgy of the turbine is designed for a particular temperature. High pressure steam may damage internal sealing fines etc. Due to vacuum in condenser the steam from turbine is easily exhausted into condenser.

What are the requirements for the start-up of a gland steam turbine?

Gland steam must have appropriate temperature and pressure which must be controlled during start-up. Prior to supplying steam to the turbine, the steam supply pipelines have to be drained and heated up.